Using Piwik 1.8.2, it appears that users with View permission cannot use the visitIP segment in the Visitor Log (&segment=visitIp==1.2.3.4). View users get “There is no data for this report.” while an Admin user with the same URL gets the expected data.
I believe (but I am not certain) that visitIP worked for View users in 1.7.
In any case, what other segments are affected by permissions and is there a way to allow a View user to make use of all segments?